丹芩消郁合剂治疗乳腺增生病疗效观察

目的:观察丹芩消郁合剂治疗乳腺增生病的临床疗效。方法:将80例乳腺增生病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各40例,治疗组给予丹芩消郁合剂治疗,对照组给予消癥丸治疗,2个月为1个疗程,疗程结束后评价疗效。结果:两组患者治疗的总有效率均为92.5%,比较其差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组愈显率分别为:治疗组52.5%,对照组30.0%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:丹芩消郁合剂治疗乳腺增生病疗效优于消癥丸。     

Change in basic need frustration in relation to perfectionism,anxiety, and performance in elite junior performers

The present study examined whether there were different growth profiles in basic need frustration in elite junior performers over a nine-month period. Subsequently, we examined whether the identified growth profiles differed in their levels of perfectionistic strivings and evaluative concerns measured at baseline and, additionally, whether they were associated with higher or lower levels of anxiety and perceived performance level in the end of the period. A sample of 259 (M_age = 17.31; SD_age = 0.97) elite junior performers from sports and performing arts completed an online questionnaire to report their self-ratings of the study variables. The analyses were conducted using growth mixture modeling in Mplus 8.0. Two main contrasting growth profiles were identified in each of the basic need frustration. Perfectionistic strivings were overall higher than evaluative concerns, but did not differ between the growth profiles. Conversely, evaluative concerns differed significantly between the identified growth profiles. Higher levels of evaluative concerns were associated with the most maladaptive growth profiles. Indeed, elite junior performers, who experienced moderate and increasing levels of competence and autonomy frustration, reported higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of perceived performance level than those who reported low and decreasing levels of competence and autonomy frustration. Based on these findings, evaluative concerns and basic need frustration appear to play key roles in the development of maladaptive motivational processes over time.     

Trajectories of Substance Use among Child Welfare-Involved Youth: Longitudinal Associations with Child Maltreatment History and Emotional/Behavior Problems

Background: Maltreated children experience a variety of adverse outcomes including substance use problems. Although previous research indicated that there may be distinct trajectories of substance use among these youth, studies have examined them as if they were a single homogeneous group. Objectives: The goals of this study were to explore substance use trajectories among child welfare-involved youth and to identify characteristics that distinguish substance use trajectories. Methods: Data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW II) were used. Multilevel latent growth mixture modeling (MLGMM) was performed using a subsample of 625 youth from ages 11–17 years investigated for maltreatment in 2008–2009. Measures included self-reported use of substance use during the previous 30 days, demographic characteristics, maltreatment history, placement in out-of-home care, and behavioral health problems. Results: MLGMM identified two distinct substance use trajectory classes including High Stable Substance Use and Rapid Progression Use. Findings suggest that the experience of physical abuse is the key factor that distinguishes the two groups. When the effects of class-specific covariates were examined, results suggest that involvement in substance use behavior and its escalation vary between groups and are affected by youth’s different previous experiences. Conclusions/Importance: The results have important implications for understanding individual differences in substance use behavior over time and how these differences were shaped by youth’s experiences of family adversity. Study findings may be helpful for developing and enhancing the effectiveness of interventions targeted at decreasing substance use behaviors in child welfare-involved youth.     

宣肺止嗽合剂与氨溴特罗口服液治疗小儿急性支气管炎的疗效比较

目的观察中成药宣肺止嗽合剂与化学成分药品氨溴特罗口服液(商品名:易坦静)在治疗小儿急性支气管炎中的止咳、祛痰的临床疗效。方法将112例小儿急性支气管炎患儿分成观察组58例和对照组54例,两组患儿均给予降温、抗病毒、抗感染、雾化吸入化痰等常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上给予宣肺止嗽合剂口服,对照组在常规治疗的基础上给予氨溴特罗口服液口服,两组均连用7日,观察两组患儿咳嗽及肺部啰音消失的时间。结果观察组的有效率为94.8%,对照组的有效率为87.0%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组的咳嗽及肺部啰音消失时间早于对照组(P0.05﹚。结论宣肺止嗽合剂治疗小儿急性支气管炎疗效显著,能有效的加速咳嗽和肺部啰音的消失,缩短病程,两者均未见明显的不良反应。     

Dissolution Improvement of Atorvastatin Calcium using Modified Locust Bean Gum by the Solid Dispersion Technique

The present research was aimed at the enhancement of the dissolution rate of atorvastatin calcium by the solid dispersion technique using modified locust bean gum. Solid dispersions (SD) using modified locust bean gum were prepared by the modified solvent evaporation method. Other mixtures were also prepared by physical mixing, co-grinding, and the kneading method. The locust bean gum was subjected to heat for modification. The prepared solid dispersions and other mixtures were evaluated for equilibrium solubility studies, content uniformity, FTIR, DSC, XRD, in vitro drug release, and in vivo pharmacodynamic studies. The equilibrium solubility was enhanced in the solid dispersions (in a drug:polymer ratio of 1:6) and other mixtures such as the co-grinding mixture (CGM) and kneading mixture (KM). Maximum dissolution rate was observed in the solid dispersion batch SD3 (i.e. 50% within 15 min) with maximum drug release after 2 h (80%) out of all solid dispersions. The co-grinding mixture also exhibited a significant enhancement in the dissolution rate among the other mixtures. FTIR studies revealed the absence of drug-polymer interaction in the solid dispersions. Minor shifts in the endothermic peaks of the DSC thermograms of SD3 and CGM indicated slight changes in drug crystallinity. XRD studies further confirmed the results of DSC and FTIR. Topological changes were observed in SEM images of SD3 and CGM. In vivo pharmacodynamic studies indicated an improved efficacy of the optimized batch SD3 as compared to the pure drug at a dose of 3 mg/kg/day. Modified locust bean gum can be a promising carrier for solubility enhancement of poorly water-soluble drugs. The lower viscosity and wetting ability of MLBG, reduction in particle size, and decreased crystallinity of the drug are responsible for the dissolution enhancement of atorvastatin. The co-grinding mixture can be a good alternative to solid dispersions prepared by modified solvent evaporation due to its ease of preparation and significant improvement in dissolution characteristics.     

复方双层缓释药膜的制备与临床应用研究

目的：对复方双层缓释药膜的制备及治疗复发性口腔溃疡的疗效观察分析。方法：复方双层缓释药膜制备、应用于复发性口腔溃疡病例。结果：复方双层缓释药膜为黄色半透明薄膜,有一定的韧性,具有明显的冰片及人工牛黄的清香气;复方双层缓释药膜、养阴生肌散组,总有效率分别达98%、84%,尤以复方双层缓释药膜临床效果良好,两组对比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,且均显著优于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：该膜制备工艺简单,止痛迅速,对缩短溃疡期,促进愈合,提高临床治疗疗效非常确切,具有可行的临床应用推广价值。     

活血通腑汤对大鼠脑出血后脑水肿的治疗作用

目的　研究活血通腑汤对脑出血后脑水肿的治疗作用。方法　利用大鼠自体血注入大脑一侧的尾状核建立脑出血实验动物模型,随机分组。观察药物对大鼠的神经功能缺损症状、脑血肿周围组织脑水含量以及钠离子含量的影响。结果　活血通腑汤能改善脑出血大鼠的神经功能评分,降低脑血肿周围脑组织的钠水含量,与对照组比较有显著差异P <0 . 0 1。结论　活血通腑汤对大鼠脑出血后脑水肿具有明显的治疗作用,为临床应用提供实验理论依据。     

注射用三磷酸腺苷辅酶胰岛素对心肌缺血再灌注损伤所致心肌梗死的保护作用研究

目的 研究注射用三磷酸腺苷辅酶胰岛素（能量合剂）对心肌缺血再灌注损伤所导致的心肌梗死大鼠的保护作用。方法 结扎左冠状动脉前降支60 min 后进行再灌注,与正常Ⅱ导联心电图（ECG-Ⅱ）比较,冠脉结扎后10 min,ECG-Ⅱ的ST 段抬高0.2 mV 以上者作为缺血成功;再灌注后10 min,ECG-Ⅱ中抬高的ST 段下降30%以上者作为再灌注成功。造模成功后随机分为模型组,能量合剂组（3.6 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）;另设8 只大鼠作为假手术组。给药30 d 后测定彩色多普勒超声心动图、血流动力学、心肌梗死范围;ELISA 法检测血清丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）、肌酸脱氢酶（LDH）及心肌肌钙蛋白（cTnT）的表达。结果 能量合剂可以改善心肌梗死大鼠的左心室功能,明显提高左心室的射血分数、降低左室舒张末压,减少心肌梗死范围,表明能量合剂能清除氧自由基,减少脂质过氧化产物的生成,从而起到保护损伤心肌的作用。结论 能量合剂对心肌缺血再灌注损伤所导致的心肌梗死具有一定的保护作用。     

自拟中药方剂延玉合剂治疗老年稳定劳力型心绞痛的效果观察

目的：分析研究自拟中药方剂延玉合剂治疗老年稳定劳力型心绞痛的效果及安全性。方法选择2010年8月~2014年2月本院收治的36例老年稳定劳力型心绞痛患者为研究对象,随机分为两组。对照组采用常规抗心绞痛治疗,实验组患者给予抗心绞痛联合中药延玉合剂治疗,对比两组患者的治疗效果。结果实验组患者的总有效为94.44%,明显优于对照组（66.67%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;实验组患者的运动持续时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论自拟中药方剂延玉合剂治疗老年稳定劳力型心绞痛的效果较好,值得应用。